Currency pair (“loonie”) · cross of two ECB reference rates
What is the USD/CAD reference rate and how has it moved?
The USD/CAD reference rate was 1.41607 on 16 Oct 2026: one USD was worth 1.41607 CAD. That is 0.8% above a year earlier and 86% of the way up its 52-week range. Annualised volatility over the year was 4.3%.
- USD/CAD · 16 Oct 2026
- 1.41607Previous fixing 1.42068 (15 Oct 2026) · ▼ −0.32%
- 12-month change
- ▲ +0.8%from 1.40527 on 16 Oct 2025
- 52-week range
- 1.35244–1.42617low 29 Jan 2026 · high 12 Oct 2026
- Volatility, 1 yr
- 4.3%annualised; full-year average since 2016: 7.0%
The past twelve months
What the record shows
- Over the past year USD/CAD has been calmer than usual: 4.3% annualised volatility against a 7.0% average for full calendar years since 2016. Its calmest full year was 2024 (4.4%) and its busiest 2016 (9.8%).
- Since 4 Jan 2016 the rate has ranged from 1.20218 (18 May 2021) to 1.46496 (3 Feb 2025). Today's fixing is higher than 95% of the 2,763 daily fixings in that period.
- Five years ago, on 15 Oct 2021, the fixing was 1.23617, so the rate is 14.6% above that level. Over one month it is ▲ +1.59% (from 1.39395 on 16 Sept 2026).
- The largest single-day move of the past year was on 3 Sept 2026: 1.39247 → 1.37916 (▼ −0.96%).
- Read the other way round, 1 CAD was worth 0.70618 USD on 16 Oct 2026 (CAD/USD).
How is the USD/CAD figure on this page produced?
The ECB does not publish USD/CAD; it publishes each currency against the euro. The cross is the ratio of the two: CAD per euro ÷ USD per euro = 1.59350 ÷ 1.12530 = 1.41607 on 16 Oct 2026. Because both legs are fixed at the same moment, the cross is internally consistent, but it can differ slightly from a market quote at 14:10 CET. See how to calculate a cross rate.
Year by year
| Year | Close | Change | High | Low | Average | Vol. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2026 to date | 1.41607 | ▲ +3.4% | 1.42617 12 Oct | 1.35244 29 Jan | 1.38777 | 3.8% |
| 2025 | 1.36919 | ▼ −4.8% | 1.46496 3 Feb | 1.35615 17 Jun | 1.39807 | 5.9% |
| 2024 | 1.43883 | ▲ +8.6% | 1.44185 24 Dec | 1.32941 2 Jan | 1.36957 | 4.4% |
| 2023 | 1.32507 | ▼ −2.1% | 1.38654 1 Nov | 1.31254 14 Jul | 1.34994 | 6.8% |
| 2022 | 1.35383 | ▲ +6.5% | 1.38386 21 Oct | 1.24414 5 Apr | 1.30183 | 8.5% |
| 2021 | 1.27079 | ▼ −0.3% | 1.29252 21 Dec | 1.20218 18 May | 1.25372 | 7.1% |
| 2020 | 1.27398 | ▼ −2.0% | 1.44941 24 Mar | 1.26948 17 Dec | 1.34068 | 7.7% |
| 2019 | 1.29945 | ▼ −4.7% | 1.36413 2 Jan | 1.29945 31 Dec | 1.32694 | 5.3% |
| 2018 | 1.36288 | ▲ +8.7% | 1.36288 31 Dec | 1.22742 31 Jan | 1.29571 | 7.0% |
| 2017 | 1.25398 | ▼ −6.8% | 1.37706 5 May | 1.20871 8 Sept | 1.29810 | 7.9% |
| 2016 | 1.34598 | — | 1.46374 20 Jan | 1.25189 2 May | 1.32481 | 9.8% |
Since January 2016
Largest one-day moves since 2016
| Date | From | To | Move |
|---|---|---|---|
| 17 Mar 2016 | 1.33749 | 1.29971 | ▼ −2.82% |
| 9 Jan 2023 | 1.36486 | 1.33685 | ▼ −2.05% |
| 24 Jun 2016 | 1.27465 | 1.30056 | ▲ +2.03% |
| 22 Jan 2016 | 1.44588 | 1.41710 | ▼ −1.99% |
| 18 Mar 2020 | 1.41249 | 1.44037 | ▲ +1.97% |
Sources
- European Central Bank — euro foreign exchange reference rates (series EXR.D.USD+CAD.EUR.SP00.A, retrieved 16 Oct 2026 via the ECB Data Portal).
- Method for crosses, ranges and volatility: methodology.